Clinical outcomes of systemic therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients on hemodialysis

The prognosis of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has been markedly improved with the introduction of molecular targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, there are few reports on the outcomes of systemic therapy for mRCC patients on hemodialysis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of systemic therapy for mRCC patients on hemodialysis.