Artificial intelligence in liver cancer

Although therapeutic interventions for liver disease have improved dramatically, the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with advanced disease at diagnosis remains poor. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a multidisciplinary field combining computer science and mathematics, in which computer algorithms able to maximize the performance of computer program are developed from various data sources using analytic or probabilistic models. Significant progress has been made in machine learning (ML), especially in deep learning (DL). DL has been successfully used to classify radiologic images. Because of the multifactorial and complex nature of liver disease, the ML approach integrating multiple factors appears to be an advantageous approach to improving diagnostic accuracy and predicting the treatment response and prognosis of liver disease. This chapter reviews the potential use of AI in the diagnosis and management of HCC, including diagnostic procedures, treatment, and outcome prediction.