Serum endothelin-1 level among adult Indonesian females with obesity: a nested cross-sectional study from Universitas Gadjah Mada Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Sleman, Indonesia

Background The increased obesity prevalence is seen among adult Indonesian females. Obesity is linked to increased endothelin-1 levels, which contribute to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and insulin resistance. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum endothelin-1 levels with obesity among Indonesian females. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. The subjects were population of Universitas Gadjah Mada Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) Sleman, Indonesia. We collected venous blood, measured obesity parameters and performed the standardized questionnaire from 124 males and females. Endothelin-1 level was measured from serum by ELISA-methods. Endothelin-1 level was compared between subjects according to obesity category and correlated with parameters of obesity. Results There were 124 subjects enrolled, consisting of 70 females and 54 males. Endothelin-1 level was comparable between both sexes. Females had significantly higher proportion of central obesity compared to males (70.0% vs. 33.3%, p