Influence analysis of anti-spatter spray on welding process and weld properties

Based on the accumulation situation of anti-spatter spray in actual manufacturing, butt joints are implemented to analyze the state changes of two types of anti-spatter spray and their effect on arc stability, molten pool fluidity, and weld performance. The results show that the fluidity of water-based anti-spatter spray is significantly better than that of oil-based anti-spatter spray in the welding process, resulting in a large accumulation near the arc suppression position. This causes strong fluctuations in the arc and molten pool, while the oil-based anti-spatter spray can reduce the spreadability of the molten pool near the bevel. In terms of weld performance, oil-based anti-spatter spray reduces the plasticity of the weld, and the average elongation of the tensile specimens of the corresponding joint is 37% lower than that of the joint without anti-spatter spray. The rapid evaporation of the water-based anti-spatter spray leads to faster cooling of the weld, resulting in a narrow range of hardened microstructure in the heat-affected zone. Therefore, an apparent increase in microhardness at the corresponding location.