Integrated airborne lidar-uav methods for archaeological mapping in vegetation-covered areas

Abstract. The research focuses on using 3D digitization in Landscape Heritage conservation processes, specifically in the context of the Spina Verde Park in Como, Italy. The aim of the research is to improve knowledge of the proto-urban archaeological sites of the park and its network of trails, which represent a significant heritage of the area. The study employs low-altitude airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and terrestrial survey methods to obtain high-resolution data, which are structured into a 3D geospatial database in a GIS environment. The integration and harmonization of multisensory 3D data, both airborne and terrestrial originated, and available cartographic datasets, allows for a flexible monitoring tool and supports the interpretation of the archaeological sites and landscape context. The research proposes a methodological approach that has applications in different built and natural heritage contexts and can monitor the conservation status of both archaeological heritage and natural components of the territorial context. The research focuses on testing automated classification algorithms that are useful for identifying and classifying archaeological sites and features within landscapes. By analysing the high-resolution raster generated from the airborne LiDAR point cloud, the research inquiries about the detecting, identifying, and mapping proto-historic archaeological traces efficiently and accurately, leading to better preservation and conservation of built and landscape heritage.