Proton-exchange polymer composite membrane of Nafion and microcrystalline cellulose for performance improvement of direct glycerol fuel cell
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY(2024)
摘要
In this research, glycerol was used as fuel for a direct glycerol fuel cell (DGFC). Nafion (NF) was used to fabricate a proton exchange membrane and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as a filler for fabricating the NF composite membranes with different MCC loadings (0, 5, 10, or 15 wt%). The composite membranes were characterized using X-ray diffraction XRD for study of the crystallinity index (CI), SEM-EDS was applied to observe the atom dispersion of membranes, and FTIR-ATR was used to identify the chemical bonds of samples. The results showed that the 15 % MCC/NF membrane had a greater CI than the 5 % MCC/NF composite membrane, while the atom dispersion of the 5 % MCC/NF membrane was better than the others. The composite membrane properties were tested based on water uptake, solubility, ion exchange capacity, chemical degradation, 1 M and 2 M glycerol permeability, proton conductivity, selectivity, and fuel cell performance. The 5 wt% MCC loading increased the water uptake and proton conductivity and decreased the glycerol crossover compared to the other membranes. However, 15 wt% MCC had more durable chemical membrane degradation than the 5 wt% MCC membrane and the solubility test identified that the 5 %, 10 %, and 15 % MCC/NF composite membranes had 2.97, 3.08, and 4.92 times, respectively, that of the recast NF membrane. The highest selectivity (1.54 x 105 Sscm 1) of the membranes was recorded for the 5 % MCC/NF composite membrane at 50 degrees C. The DGFC performance with 1 M glycerol at 70 degrees C of the 5 % MCC/NF composite membrane had a maximum power density 18.07 mW/cm2 and a current density 0.139 mA/cm2.
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关键词
Microcrystalline cellulose,Nafion,Composite membrane,Direct glycerol fuel cell
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