A novel strategy on the study of whole intestinal metabolic profiles for Polygalae Radix before and after processing

Introduction Relieving toxicity and enhancing a calming effect after processing Polygalae Radix (PR) are widely known. Aromatic carboxylic acids (ACAs) may be crucial processed products. However, due to the limited detection methods for ACAs, the whole metabolic profiles via intestinal bacteria are still not very clear. Objective Designing a novel strategy for the detection of ACAs and tracking the whole metabolic profiles before and after processing PR. Materials and Methods The stable‐isotope labelling derivatisation (SILD) method based on multidimensional ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (UHPLC‐MS) technology and UNIFI‐pathway mode was firstly designed to systematically study the metabolisms of all the drug‐derived ingredients ranging from m/z 100 to 2000 in processing PR via intestinal bacteria. Firstly, the SILD with UHPLC coupled with a triple‐quadrupole MS technology was designed to trace eight ACA metabolites of the processed PR with intestinal bacteria. Additionally, the UHPLC coupled with a quadrupole time‐of‐flight MS with UNIFI‐pathway mode was adopted to monitor relatively big metabolites. Results The metabolism mechanism of ACAs (eight kinds) and the relatively big molecular metabolites (98 kinds) were deeply traced in PR, PR with refined honey (HP), and PR with licorice (LP) via the intestinal bacteria. Totally 106 intact metabolic profiles of drug‐derived ingredients were presented. Importantly, the influence of LP on the metabolism of compounds after incubation of intestinal bacteria was greater than that of HP. Conclusion This research provides a comprehensive and systematic guidance for further study on in vivo metabolisms of the processed PR.