Pyrethroid poisoning: Insecticide with mild human toxicity
Medical Journal Armed Forces India(2023)
摘要
Pyrethroid insecticides are commonly used insecticides. This study was undertaken to characterize the clinical profile and outcome of deliberate self-harm (DSH) with type 1 and type 2 pyrethroids and identify factors associated with need for hospitalization. This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India to study the clinical features, treatment, and outcome of patients with pyrethroid poisoning due to DSH. Patients were categorized as poisoning with type 1 or type 2 pyrethroid compounds. Factors associated with need for hospital admission was explored using bivariate and multivariate regression analysis and expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 379 patients presented with pyrethroid poisoning; 202 (53.3%) patients were male. The median (interquartile range) age was 26 (22–33) years. Transfluthrin (n = 48, 58%) and cypermethrin (n = 149, 50%) were the most frequently implicated type 1 compounds and type 2 compounds, respectively. Of the 130 (34.3%) patients who were admitted, 13 (3.4%) patients required mechanical ventilation. All patients survived. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, ingestion of type 2 pyrethroids (OR: 2.55, 95%CI: 1.31–4.97), history of seizures (OR: 2.62, 95%CI 1.06-6.48), and treatment prior to presentation to the referral hospital (OR: 2.99, 95%CI: 1.87–4.74) were associated with the need for hospitalization. A third of patients with pyrethroid poisoning require hospitalization. Type 2 pyrethroid poisoning is more frequent in clinical practice. Ingestion of type 2 pyrethroids, seizures, and need for pre-hospital treatment are associated with hospitalization.
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关键词
Pyrethroid,Type 1/type 2 pyrethroid compounds,Human toxicity,Outcomes
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