Recent advances in the synthesis and functionalization of carbon-based functional nanomaterials

Over the last few decades, organic, polymeric, and inorganic functional nanomaterials have earned enormous interest, with a lot of reported maiden methodologies involving their synthesis, engineering, characterization, functionalization, and commercial applications. With the aid of diverse possibilities for various functionalization methodologies, new functional nanomaterials can be produced for specific purposes. In addition, with controlled chemical reactions, innovative creations can be attempted for desired applications. In specific, intense attempts have been made in the advancements of the functional nanomaterials owing to their enhanced chemical, functional, and physical properties. The contribution from nano-tailored functional materials such as graphene-based materials and carbon-based materials finds potential applications in the fields of sensors, energy, healthcare, and the environment. The ramped-up development of functional nanomaterials, especially carbon derivatives, offer a wide avenue for unique designs with outstanding properties. In this background, the authors provide a detailed discussion on the development of engineered carbon materials with multifunctionality involving synthesis methods, functionalization strategies, existing challenges, and future directions.