2. Ducks and Phalaropes (Antidae and Scolopacidae)

With key information linked to thematic maps, this section evaluates the climate change vulnerability of ten species of ducks and phalaropes (Anatidae and Scolopacidae) – Long-tailed Duck, Harlequin Duck, Velvet Scoter, Common Scoter, Red-breasted Merganser, Red Phalarope, Red-necked Phalarope, Steller’s Eider, Common Eider, and King Eider – in the North-East Atlantic. The assessments for every species cover three categories each: the exposure, or the magnitude in percentage and the characteristics of climate change; the sensitivity, or how much and by which climatic events the species are affected, depending on their biological features; the adaptive capacity, or the potential of species to respond to climate change. Assessments of local conservation actions that can be implemented to reduce climate change impacts are listed here in readily consultable tables. This section focuses on the effectiveness of interventions against increasing mammal predation that threatens ducks and phalaropes. Criteria of relevance, strength, and transparency measure the effectiveness of the actions.