The comparison of bone marrow and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells effect within alginate hydrogel scaffold in burned mice infected by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract Background Burns are a major cause of death, with infections accounting for 75% of burn-related fatalities. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can infect burn wounds, and conventional antibiotics are not very effective. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promise in wound healing and protection against infection with alginate scaffold showing synergistic effect and restorative properties.Therefore, we conducted a study comparing the effects of adipose-derived MSCs and bone marrow-derived MSCs, both integrated into alginate scaffolds, in a murine model infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Methods MSCs were isolated and encapsulated in alginate scaffolds. Animal study included seven groups (untreated, treated with antibiotic mupirocin, adipose and bone marrow MSCs, alginate scaffold, adipose and bone marrow MSCs encapsulated in alginate scaffolds). Animals examined for seven days. Histological analyses and bacterial counting were conducted to determine the effectiveness of these methods. Results The treatment reduced the bacterial count and histological analysis of autopsies from the combination therapy group (MSCs with alginate scaffolds) showed significant effect on the wound healing compared to other groups. Conclusion MSCs encapsulated in alginate scaffolds have antimicrobial activity in a model of MRSA-infected burned mice, and accelerates the overall process of burn wound healing.