Describing a Programming Language

A programming language is an artificial formalism in which algorithms can be expressed. For all its artificiality, though, this formalism remains a language. Its study can make good use of the many concepts and tools developed in the last century in linguistics (which studies both natural and artificial languages). Without going into great detail, this chapter poses the problem of what it means to “give” (define) a programming language and which tools can be used in this undertaking.