A matter of knowledge or death

The association between violence and the historical movements against knowledge is referred as a context. The main drivers constraining the potential of knowledge are reviewed, from the limits to knowledge to the emergence of the post-truth society. Ignorance is discussed as a part of human reality. Next, the social dimension of knowledge, including social heuristics, is reviewed. The multiplying role of imagination is then discussed, before having a look at knowledge futures in the Anthropocene. The call for a new mentality includes adaptive capacities that have not been required in the history of the Human species, both in type of response and reaction time. Finally, two opposite agendas for the future of Humanity of Earth are outlined: one based on technological determinism and transhumanism, another based on redefining the relation with a more than human world. The chapter ends by prospecting the role of knowledge in the later agenda.