Comparative study of liposomes and liposomes-in-polymer hydrogel as transdermal carriers for improving the topical delivery of imperatorin

A novel imperatorin (IMP)-liposome-hydrogel formulation was developed to increase skin permeation efficiency and improve the bioavailability of IMP after topical delivery. IMP loading into liposomes was optimized, and liposomes were entrapped in a polymer hydrogel consisting of carbomer. Liposomes were also used as a control formulation. The physical properties and percent encapsulation efficiency were evaluated. The adhesive strength of the gel was tested. The in vitro percutaneous permeability, percutaneous penetration mechanism, and irritant evaluation were investigated. Compared to liposomes, the preparation of IMP-liposomes-gel has excellent adhesion properties and sustained drug release on the skin surface. These findings suggest developing liposome gels for potential percutaneous drug carrier systems.