Construction of Silicon-Stereogenic Center via Catalytic Asymmetric Si-H/X-H Dehydrogenative Coupling

Owing to its unique structure and properties, silicon-stereogenic silanes have displayed valuable application prospects in the fields of organic synthesis, functional materials and biomedicine, and have received extensive attention from chemists. In recent years, methods for the construction of silicon-stereogenic center have been rapidly developed, especially the use of transition metal catalysis to conduct the desymmetrization of prochiral silanes. Among them, asymmetric catalytic Si-H/X-H dehydrogenative coupling (Si-CADC) using dihydrosilane as the substrate has become an important approach and key technology for the construction of silicon-stereogenic center, because of its advantages of high efficiency, high atomic economy, good structural diversity and high enantioselectivity. According to the different reaction categorie and products, this review will mainly summarize and discuss in three stages: (1) asymmetric dehydrogenative coupling tandem strategy to construct tetrasubstituted silicon-stereogenic silanes, (2) intramolecular Si-H/C-H dehydrogenative coupling to construct cyclic silicon-stereogenic monohydrosilanes, and (3) intermolecular Si-H/X-H dehydrogenative coupling to construct a variety of ayclic silicon-stereogenic silanes.