Anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of berberine-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles

upon exposure to potentially damaging or threatening stimuli. When the inflammatory response fails to neutralize the initiating trigger, inflammation persists for a prolonged time until reaching a harmful new homeostatic state termed chronic inflammation. In the respiratory tract, chronic inflammation is the main pathophysiological feature underlying chronic respiratory disorders known to initiate inflammatory cascades in the lungs, is the bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS),