Unveiling the optical, thermal and nonlinear behavior of guanidinium benzenesulfonate: A promising organic single crystal for NLO applications

Organic crystals have aroused significant interest in the nonlinear optical field due to the presence of higher order nonlinearity. This article enlightens about the growth, structural, optical, thermal and nonlinear optical (NLO) characteristics of guanidinium benzenesulfonate (GBS) single crystal for NLO applications. Herein, we employed slow evaporation solution technique (SEST) to grow good quality crystals of GBS. The single crystal Xray diffraction & powder XRD were performed in order to study the crystal structure. The functional groups in the GBS molecule were analysed using the qualitative FT-IR spectra. The transmittance and optical bandgap of titled crystal were assessed by UV-Visible spectroscopy. The sample was excited at a wavelength 260 nm to see its emission spectrum through PL spectroscopy. A decrease in LDT value was observed with increase in the pulse repetition rate using Nd:YAG laser. TG-DTA curve were assessed at different rates of heating to examine the thermal stability of the titled material. The activation energy was calculated by using thermogravimetric data. To investigate third order nonlinearity of grown crystal, the NLO coefficients were estimated by adopting well known Z-scan technique equipped with a Ti:sapphire based laser oscillator.