Ameloblastoma recurrence associated with ameloblastic fibroma: A unusual case report of a hybrid odontogenic tumor

Hybrid odontogenic tumors are characterized by presenting histopathological features of two or more distinct odontogenic lesions. Here we report a hybrid odontogenic tumor case composed of an ameloblastoma (AM) recurrence associated with ameloblastic fibroma (AF). A 60-year-old male patient underwent a clinical follow-up of an AM surgically treated 10 years ago. The computed tomography scan identified an isodense osteolytic lesion partially obliterating the left maxillary sinus. Due to the medical history, the clinical hypothesis was AM recurrence. Microscopic examination revealed a benign odontogenic neoplasm showing areas of amelo-blastomatous epithelium proliferation in a dense connective tissue stroma and areas of ameloblastic epithelium with a myxoid cell-rich connective tissue. The final diagnosis was AM associated with AF. Hybrid odontogenic lesions are widely discussed, and an accurate microscopic examination is essential to determine their clinical behavior. Due to its sporadic reports, long-term follow-ups are necessary to better understand their prognosis.