Methods of Bloodless Care, Clinical Outcomes, and Costs for Adult Patients Who Decline Allogeneic Transfusions

( Anesth Analg . 2022;135:576–585) When blood banking and storage began in the 1940s, blood transfusions became common, however, some patients desired a “bloodless” approach to health care without allogeneic transfusions. Over time, many large, randomized trials have shown that a restrictive transfusion strategy is optimal compared with a liberal one. Bloodless care has grown in popularity. This study aimed to report data on a large group of patients receiving bloodless care, health care methods, and outcomes.