Prevalência de tuberculose drogarresistente e fatores associados

EnglishObjective: to estimate the prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis and associated factors. Methods: a retrospective study that evaluated 74,006 cases of tuberculosis registered in the Notifiable Diseases Information System. In the multivariate analysis, the outcome variable “drug resistance” was used to estimate the prevalence ratio of factors associated with drug resistance. Results: a rate of 0.5% of drug resistance was estimated (n=388). A higher prevalence was observed in cases classified as relapse, post-dropout re-entry, and transfer. There was a 53.0% increase when sputum smear microscopy was positive and a 6.5 increase for positive sputum culture. The opposite effect was observed when the diagnostic test for human immunodeficiency virus was not performed. Conclusion: a low prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis was estimated compared to international scenarios. The main factors associated with the disease were related to retreatments and positive sputum smear and culture results. portuguesObjetivo: estimar a prevalencia de tuberculose drogarresistente e os fatores a ela associados. Metodos: estudo retrospectivo que avaliou 74.006 casos de tuberculose registrados no Sistema de Informacao de Agravos de Notificacao. Na analise multivariada, utilizou-se da variavel desfecho “resistencia medicamentosa” para estimar a razao de prevalencia dos fatores associados a drogarresistencia. Resultados: estimou-se taxa de 0,5% de drogarresistencia (n=388). Observou-se maior prevalencia nos casos classificados como recidiva, reingresso pos-abandono e transferencia. Houve aumento de 53,0% quando a baciloscopia de escarro foi positiva e de 6,5 vezes para cultura de escarro positiva. Efeito contrario foi observado mediante a nao realizacao do exame diagnostico para virus da imunodeficiencia humana. Conclusao: estimou-se baixa prevalencia de tuberculose drogarresistente comparada a cenarios internacionais. Os principais fatores associados a doenca estiveram ligados aos retratamentos e ao resultado positivo da baciloscopia e cultura de escarro.