Influence of ultrasonic shot peening on the surface acid etching behavior of pure titanium

Due to its exceptional combination of mechanical and biocompatible qualities, titanium (Ti) is frequently employed in the dental and bone implantation areas. Ti material is frequently subjected to surface roughening treatment to improve biocompatibility. This research designed and applied the ultrasonic shot peening and acid etching (USPA) method to obtain topographical surface. The microstructure and element distribution were determined using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectrometer), respectively. The phase structure was identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The outcomes demonstrated that employing USPA, a rough and porous surface could be obtained. By changing the USP parameters, deep holes with a diameter of a few microns and step-shaped structures closed to the nanoscale might be produced.