Dynamic stability analysis of metro tunnel in layered weathered sandstone

In this study a coupled-eulerian-lagrangian (CEL) approach has been applied to assess the internal blast loading conditions, for the tunnel built in three layers of sandstone rock. The three weathered stages of sandstone have been considered in this study i.e., slightly, medium and also highly weathered sandstone in three different layers. The sandstone rock weathering increases as we move towards the ground surface from deep subsurface. The elastoplastic finite element model with varied overburden depth with dimensions of 60 m (L x B x H) each to incorporate different parametric cases. An explosive is assumed at the center of the tunnel, with the capacity of hundred kg of trinitrotoluene (TNT), the explosive is assumed to be hanging in the air inside the tunnel opening with equal distance from all sides. The TNT sphere and air that is inside the rock tunnel has been modelled through CEL technique to simulate actual in-situ condition. Through Mohr-Coulomb, Concrete Damage Plasticity, and Johnson-Cook constructive material model the elastoplastic behaviour of different materials like rock, steel bars and concrete has been simulated respectively. The cage of steel bars has been embedded through interaction constraint in concrete liner to produce reinforced concrete liner. In the initial stages of simulation with 5 m of overburden depth the tunnel has been placed in the upper layer of sandstone. For further analysis, the position of the tunnel has been changed for overburden depth of fifteen, twenty-five and thirty-five meter. In accordance with the result of the simulation, for rock in terms of acceleration, velocity, and displacement, the depth of the overburden and the displacement of the crown are inversely related. No damage in terms of compression is seen in this simulation, but in all instances, a small damage owing to tensile failure has been noted.(c) 2023 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/4.0/).