Fabrication and characterization of magnesium implants coated with magnetic nanoparticles-wollastonite-hydroxyapatite for medical and sports injury applications: Finite element analysis

Recently, wollastonite nanoceramics were considered a suitable choice for the orthopedic applications in terms of the presence of silicon, and calcium ions. Using the nanoceramics for the coatings of orthopedic application was increased to facilitate the possibility of stabilization and integration with the host tissue and the regeneration of bone tissues. Using the ceramic coatings was extensively improved due to their biological properties. The present investigation delves into the utilization of innovative wollastonite nanoceramics (WS) fortified with magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) as coatings for biomechanical implants. The study focuses on evaluating the bioactivity and mechanical attributes of electrophoretic coatings while characterizing their phase and structure through the employment of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The coatings are also evaluated for bioactivity and biodegradation in simulated body fluid (SBF) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 21 days. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the coatings are simulated using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to predict porosity and elastic modulus. The presence of wollastonite with silica nanoparticles in a magnesium alloy significantly enhances bone formation, as evidenced by the highest degree of apatite formation observed in the alloy containing 10% wollastonite. This particular composition resulted in a remarkable 29% increase in apatite growth. These findings highlight the potential of incorporating wollastonite with silica nanoparticles to promote and improve bone formation processes. The results indicate that the specimen coated with a 10% concentration of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) exhibits favorable mechanical performance and desirable biological behavior, making it suitable for use in sports biomechanics implants. The results indicate that the specimen treated with a greater concentration of MNPs demonstrates advantageous mechanical characteristics and desirable biological responses, rendering it a promising candidate for the production of sports and orthopedic prostheses.