Clinical analysis of prophylactic uterine artery embolization combined with double balloon catheter for second-trimester pregnancy termination in cases of complete placenta previa: A retrospective study

Complete placenta previa often causes significant bleeding in a short period during second-trimester pregnancy termination. This can destabilize the mother's circulation, threatening her life. Furthermore, the condition is complicated by an immature cervix, making it a challenging clinical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prophylactic uterine artery embolization (UAE) combined with double balloon catheter (DBC) deal with those cases. A total of 7 patients who underwent pregnancy termination in the second-trimester in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province between March 1st, 2021 and August 31st, 2023 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. All patients were diagnosed with complete placenta previa status and placenta accreta spectrum, and were treated with prophylactic UAE combined with DBC, and/or dilation and evacuation. All the patients received mifepristone, and 5 of them underwent medical termination with ethacridine lactate. Following prophylactic UAE combined with DBC, 6 patients underwent dilation and evacuation, which was monitored by ultrasound. And one patient experienced natural delivery of their fetus and placenta. Only one patient (patient 3) developed an intrapartum fever after prolonged duration of 18 hours from ethacridine to UAE and 56 hours from UAE to DBC. The amount of intrapartum hemorrhage ranged from 20 mL to 300 mL. The combined therapy of prophylactic UAE and DBC is a preferred option for patients with complete placenta previa undergoing second-trimester pregnancy termination. The use of dilation and evacuation may depend on the cervical condition, bleeding, or infection.