Association Between Religious Salience and Past-Year Substance Use by Sexual Identity and Sex Among Adults in the United States

Purpose: We examined if associations between religious salience and substance use outcomes differed by sexual identity and sex in a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States.Methods: Using data from the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 41,216 adults), logistic regression models tested whether sexual identity and sex moderated the associations between religious salience (agreement on the importance of religious beliefs) and past-year alcohol and drug use and use disorders.Results: Religious salience reduced risk of alcohol use disorder, drug use, and drug use disorder for heterosexual, but not lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB), individuals. Three-way interactions indicated that religious salience was more protective against alcohol use and drug use and use disorder for bisexual men than bisexual women.Conclusions: Heterosexism common in dominant religious institutions in the United States might hamper the protective effect of religiosity on substance use for LGB individuals.