Metaverse Remote Rendering Testbed.

This paper introduces a comprehensive testbed for evaluating the performance of remote rendering in the Metaverse, a virtual world that is rapidly evolving with advances in VR, AR, AI, and spatial computing technologies. As rendering complex 3D experiences on end-user devices is often limited by computational resources, the testbed focuses on evaluating the remote rendering performance of multi-user Metaverse experiences in popular game engines, such as Unity and Unreal Engine, under various network conditions, communication protocols, video encoding, deployment scenarios, and number of connected users. The experiences are rendered on servers with varying computational resources and hardware acceleration and packaged as Docker containers, enabling easy deployment on any compute and storage system, including on-premise, edge, and cloud. The testbed results will provide valuable insights into the performance and scalability of remote rendering for the Metaverse and help address the main challenges and research focus of the Metaverse computing track, which aims to support the provisioning of computing services for pervasive applications in the Metaverse, with a special emphasis on computation offloading for extremely low latency in the cloud continuum.