Development and characterization of charcoal/PET fibre for effluent filtration through bamboo biomass

Due to their superior biodegradability, renewable nature, and simplicity of disposal without harming the environment, natural fibre-based products are gaining momentum. Industrial wastewater has a complex chemical composition that necessitates significant physio-chemical activities before being discharged into the environment. Compared to conventional approaches, activated carbon produced through natural precursors has proven to be a less expensive and more environmentally friendly solution to the problem. In this investigation, bamboo charcoal was produced through the pyrolysis Process. Further, it was converted into the nano charcoal power. Using this nano charcoal powder, bamboo charcoal-infused PET fibre was produced through melt-spinning technology. Subsequently, the nonwoven fabric samples were produced with bamboo charcoal-infused fibre in two different bulk densities such as 150 gsm and 200 gsm. Further, the bamboo charcoal-infused PET fabric was characterized with SEM, TEM, CHNS, and DSC analysis to measure the pattern of charcoal diffusion and surface morphology. Finally, this fabric was tested for its effluent filtration efficiency using municipal water and dye effluent. It was found that the filtered effluent using 100% charcoal PET fibre performed effectively towards its improvement in dissolved oxygen and BOD reduction. It proved that the bamboo charcoal fabric structure is one of the efficient tools for removing pollutant load from industrial and municipal effluent water.