Overview of Electric Vehicles Charging Stations in Smart Grids

The extensive incorporation of electric vehicles (EVs) plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions within the transportation sector. Establishing a reliable and easily accessible charging network infrastructure for EVs is of utmost importance in mitigating range anxiety, elevating consumer trust, and expediting the widespread adoption of EVs, consequently accelerating the shift towards a sustainable and decarbonized transportation regime. The present review article underscores the growing importance of charging station infrastructure as a pivotal factor in promoting the widespread adoption of EVs and advancing sustainable transportation. This is primarily driven by the exponential rise of EVs globally, which demands the imperative establishment and expansion of charge station infrastructure to cater to the growing demands of the EV industry. This paper extensively examines the most current charging station technologies, encompassing fast charging, wireless charging, and intelligent charging systems. It highlights their advantages, drawbacks, and impacts on EV users, infrastructure developers, and policymakers. This paper aims to elucidate various aspects related to the extensive deployment of charging stations, including infrastructure scalability, grid integration, and interoperability. Moreover, potential solutions, best practices, and ongoing research initiatives about these challenges have been critically analyzed and discussed in this study. Finally, this study provides an in-depth analysis of the prospective prospects of charging station infrastructure, delving into potential advancements, nascent technologies, and research avenues within the domain.