Maximizing UAV Coverage in Maritime Wireless Networks: A Multiagent Reinforcement Learning Approach

In the field of ocean data monitoring, collaborative control and path planning of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are essential for improving data collection efficiency and quality. In this study, we focus on how to utilize multiple UAVs to efficiently cover the target area in ocean data monitoring tasks. First, we propose a multiagent deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based path-planning method for multiple UAVs to perform efficient coverage tasks in a target area in the field of ocean data monitoring. Additionally, the traditional Multi-Agent Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic policy gradient (MATD3) algorithm only considers the current state of the agents, leading to poor performance in path planning. To address this issue, we introduce an improved MATD3 algorithm with the integration of a stacked long short-term memory (S-LSTM) network to incorporate the historical interaction information and environmental changes among agents. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MATD3-Stacked_LSTM algorithm can effectively improve the efficiency and practicality of UAV path planning by achieving a high coverage rate of the target area and reducing the redundant coverage rate among UAVs compared with two other advanced DRL algorithms.