Coupling of Adhesion and Anti-Freezing Properties in Hydrogel Electrolytes for Low-Temperature Aqueous-Based Hybrid Capacitors

Highlights A class of hydrogel electrolytes that couple high adhesion and anti-freezing properties is developed. Zn/Li hybrid capacitors based on the hydrogel electrolyte can tolerate low temperatures and accommodate dynamic deformations across a temperature range of 25 to − 60 °C. This work highlights an advancement for promoting next-generation energy storage system with low-temperature capability and mechanical durability.