Investigating the sustainability of urban energy generation with techno-economic analysis from hybrid energy systems

With the growing need for sustainable energy solutions in urban areas, a strategic integration of energy supply, public transport modernization, and energy demand reduction for residential and commercial buildings has become crucial. While numerous efforts have showcased technological advancements and examined the functionality of energy systems, urban applications have not received adequate attention. To address this gap, this research proposes a feasibility analysis of hybrid energy systems in urban settings. The study incorporates a well-defined research purpose, a robust methodology, and a comprehensive approach to data collection, enabling a thorough investigation of technological, scientific, and industrial developments. There is a requirement for a total of 20,349 k Wh of energy per year in the study area, and it can be met with a PV array having a production capacity of 5591 k Wh per year and a capacity of 14,758 k Wh per year. It also explains that 27 % of the required energy can be harnessed from photovoltaics, and 73 % from a domestic diesel generator. The system emits 13,428 kg of Carbon dioxide (CO2), 33.4 kg of carbon monoxide (CO), 3.71 kg of unburned hydrocarbon, 2.52 kg of particulate matter, 26.7 kg of Sulphur dioxide, 298 kg of Nitrogen oxides. The study encompasses a comprehensive review of past, present, and future trends in energy system design, development, and implementation, providing valuable insights for urban planners and policymakers.