The Chinese Aviation Network: An Empirical Temporal Analysis on Its Structural Properties and Robustness

Complex networks have encouraged scholars to develop an effective method for abstracting and optimizing aviation networks. However, researchers often overlook the aviation network's temporal attribute and treat it as a static network. Aviation networks have strong temporal characteristics and the dynamic connection cannot be realistically described by a static network. It is necessary to more accurately and realistically represent these connections during the operation of an aviation network. This study explored temporal structures of the Chinese aviation temporal network (CATN) based on flight schedules and actual operational time data. Temporal networks based on time windows were represented to analyze the temporal topology features and robustness of the CATN. The results demonstrated the following: (1) based on the spatial-temporal aviation network, there is a morning departure peak (7:00-8:00) and an evening arrival peak at the airline hub (20:00-21:00); (2) examining the centrality of each airport in the CATN at various time intervals exposed fluctuations in their rankings, which could not be identified by a static network, and (3) the robustness of the CATN was found to be unaffected by time windows, but it displayed poor resilience against deliberate attacks, particularly when subjected to betweenness and closeness attacks, which target the network's shortest paths. For obtaining a greater understanding of the operating situation of civil aviation, displaying the topological features and robustness of the temporal network is of great importance.