Emulating Radiative Field of Electromagnetic Pulse Generator Deployed With Co-Design Capacitor Under Dynamic Switching Process

In this article, we investigate on the radiative field generated by an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) generator consisting of a biconical antenna and a cage antenna with a miniaturized peaking capacitor equipped inside one vertex of the biconical antenna, particularly on how the peaking capacitor affects the quality of the generated output axial electric field pulse. Formulations based on the propagator matrix theory give the fundamental theoretical basis, with the specifications of the peaking capacitor enumerable from preselected sets. In addition, simulative effort is made by using the finite difference time domain method. Because 1) the size of the peaking capacitor is usually 3 to 4 orders of magnitude smaller than that of the whole apparatus and 2) the rapid transient operating process of the output switch significantly makes the radiative procedure more complicated, the implementation of finite difference time domain (FDTD) needs much enhancement in our simulation. Specifically, the adaptive meshing technique and time synchronization technique are utilized. Finally, the consistency between the qualitatively analytical analysis, the experimental results, and the numerical results completes the validation stage.