Biological markers of prostate cancer: PSA limits and places of new markers

The arrival of the PSA assay in the management of prostate cancer has revolutionized screening practices. However, due to relatively low specificity, PSA promotes the over-diagnosis of indolent cancers and additional examinations and/or treatments responsible for avoidable side effects. Today, the need is for markers likely to target the most serious forms of cancer, which will benefit from new therapies and personalized medicine. The molecular revolution in the field of oncology now affects prostate cancer through RNA markers, fusion genes, or circulating DNA analyzed by the new mixed discipline, biopathology. We propose a review of biomarkers likely to be used in clinical practice for the screening, diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer. Emphasis will be placed on the specificity of each marker and the complementarity they are likely to offer in the management of patients.@2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.