Emerging roles of non-coding RNAs in endothelial cell function

Nearly 98% of the human genome is transcriptionally active but does not encode proteins, reflecting a wide range of noncoding genomes with essential regulatory and structural roles. Understanding the endothelial cell (EC) function in vascular biology has been pivotal for grasping the repair mechanisms in ischaemic tissue and during cardiovascular diseases. However, only a tiny portion of the human genome's noncoding region has been studied to understand its role in new mechanisms in EC biology. Herein, we provide an overview of the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in endothelium. We also discuss the latest research focusing on canonical and noncanonical aspects in ncRNA biology, ncRNA, cell-to-cell communication and transcriptional and epigenetic regulation by ncRNA in the endothelium.