Applications of Highly Stable Silver Nanoparticles from Garcinia mangostana Pericarp Extract: Bioactivities, Catalysis, and Optical Sensing

In this work, the Garcinia mangostana pericarp aqueous extract was utilized as an efficient reducing agent for the phyto-synthesis of eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (GM/AgNPs (GMAs)). Characterization of the as-synthesized material revealed the optimal synthesis conditions of 1 mL of the extract, 1.6 mL of AgNO3, and 1 mL of pH 10 buffer solution at 70 degrees C for 30 min of reaction. The formation and distribution of quasi-spherical silver nanoparticles were elucidated with an average particle size of 22.12 +/- 1.106 nm, whilst the colloidal system of GMAs also possessed a negative surface charge (-25.4 mV) with such low particle instability parameters (PIP), signifying great stability even after 8 weeks. Furthermore, the material demonstrated excellent bioactivities, wherein a good inhibitory was acquired towards both P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Besides, the synthesized GMAs provided great catalytic reduction performances, which removed 98.75, 96.55, and 90.85 % of RhB, MO, and 4-NP, respectively, within 120 s. Along with a low detection limit for surveyed heavy metal ions as well as H2O2 in specific concentration ranges, the phyto-synthesized GMAs can be efficaciously employed in a wide range of environmental applications, namely in the medical and wastewater remediation sectors.