Coordinated Control of the Hybrid Electric Ship Power-Based Batteries/Supercapacitors/Variable Speed Diesel Generator

A Hybrid Electric Ship (HES) is investigated in this work to improve its dynamic response to sudden power demand changes. The HES system is based on a Variable-Speed Diesel Generator (VSDG) used for long-term energy supply, with Two Energy Storage Systems (TESSs) using Batteries and supercapacitors for transient power supply. The TESS mitigates the power demand fluctuations and reduces its impact on VSDG, which is linked to a DC-bus through a controlled rectifier. Batteries and Supercapacitors (SCs) are connected in a DC-bus using the bidirectional DC/DC converters to manage the transient and fluctuating components. Two thrusters (one in the front and the second in the back of the Ship) are considered for the propulsion system. The HES power demand includes the requirement of the thrusters and embedded power consumers (elevator, package lifting, air conditioning, onboard electronics devices, etc.). The highlight of this paper is based on the HES fast response improvement in sudden power demand situations via TESS-based batteries and supercapacitors. The other highlight concerns the SCs' electrothermal modeling using an extension of the SCs' current ripples' frequency range (0 to 1 kHz), considering parameter evolution according to using the temperature and current waveform. This energy management-based dynamic power component separation method is tested via simulations using a variable operating temperature scenario.