SAR model for accurate detection of multi-label arrhythmias from electrocardiograms

Objective: Arrhythmias are prevalent symptoms of cardiovascular disease, necessitating accurate and timely detection to mitigate associated risks. Detecting arrhythmias from ECGs quickly and accurately holds great significance in preventing heart disease and reducing mortality. This research endeavors to outperform previous studies by developing a scientific neural network model capable of training and predicting ECG signals for 11 categories of arrhythmias, accounting for up to 5 co-existing labels. Methods: In this study, we initially address the issue of imbalanced datasets by employing Borderline SMOTE and Cluster Centroids techniques during preprocessing. Subsequently, we propose a novel SAR model that combines attention and resnet mechanisms. The dataset is subjected to a 10-fold validation process to train and evaluate the model. Finally, several metrics such as HammingLoss, RankingLoss, F1-score, AUC and Coverage are used to evaluate the model. Results: By evaluating the results of the tests, the average Hamming Loss is 1.12 %, the average Ranking Loss is 1.17 %, the average Micro F1-score is 98.46 %, the average Micro AUC is 98.76 %, and the average Coverage is 3.2762. The results show that the SAR model outperforms previous related studies on the task of classifying arrhythmia signals with multiple categories and labels. Conclusion: The SAR model demonstrated excellent performance in accurately classifying multicategory and multi-label arrhythmia signals, affirming its scientific validity. Compared with previous studies, the model achieves a certain improvement in performance, which can help cardiologists to achieve scientific and accurate diagnosis of arrhythmia diseases.