Role of dietary food intake patterns, anthropometric measures, and multiple biochemical markers in the development of pregnancy- specific urinary incontinence in gestational diabetes mellitus

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess maternal dietary food intake patterns, anthropometric measures, and multiple biochemical markers in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence and to explore whether antedating gestational diabetes mellitus environment affects the pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence development in a cohort of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence. Methods: Maternal dietary information and anthropometric measurements were collected. At 24 wk of gestation, with a fasting venipuncture sample, current blood samples for biochemical markers of hormones, vita -mins, and minerals were analyzed. The groups were compared in terms of numerical variables using analysis of variance for independent samples followed by multiple comparisons. Results: Of the 900 pregnant women with complete data, pregnant women in the gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence group had higher body mass index during pregnancy, arm circumference, and triceps skinfold than the non-gestational diabetes mellitus continent and non-gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence groups, characterizing an obesogenic maternal environment. Regarding dietary food intake, significant increases in aromatic amino acids, branched-chain amino acids, dietary fiber, magnesium, zinc, and water were observed in pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence group compared with the non-gestational diabetes mellitus continent group. Serum vitamin C was reduced in the gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence group compared with the non-gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence group. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the necessity for a comprehensive strategy for gestational diabetes melli-tus women with pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence in terms of deviation in maternal adaptation trend-ing toward obesity and maternal micronutrients deficiencies. (c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.