Investigation of time domain measurement of electrochemical impedance spectrum in low frequency range for lithium-ion batteries using preset equivalent circuit model

•A TDM using a preset ECM was examined for EIS of an LIB in the low frequency range.•The employed preset ECM consists of many series-connected RC parallel elements.•Small and long duration CC charge or discharge is suitable for the applied signal.•The TDM can perform EIS while excluding the apparent impedances from OCV change.•Two diffusion impedances were identified and their characteristics were made clear.