Small is Powerful: Demonstration of the Impact of Nanoformed Piroxicam in a Controlled Clinical Study

Purpose New solutions are needed to enable the efficient use of poorly water-soluble drugs. Therefore, we aimed to demonstrate that decreasing particle size with a solution-to-particle method known as nanoforming can improve dissolution and thus bioavailability. Methods Piroxicam, a poorly water-soluble non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), was used as a model compound. A Quality-by-Design (QbD) approach was used to nanoform piroxicam and a design space was established. The pharmacokinetics of piroxicam nanoparticles were compared to two marketed products in a clinical trial. Results Nanoformed tablets showed a 33% increase in exposure during the first hour after dosing (AUC 0–1 h ) compared with an immediate release tablet and was similar to a fast absorbing tablet incorporating complexation of piroxicam with β-cyclodextrin. Conclusions The results show that nanoforming enabled more rapid absorption in comparison to a typical marketed tablet and indicate that nanoforming is an alternative to complex formulation such as cyclodextrins based products. The study outcomes support the potential of nanoforming for producing fast-acting dosage forms of poorly soluble drugs.