Energy Efficient, Secure and Spectrum Aware Ultra-Low Power Internet-of-Things System Infrastructure for Precision Agriculture

This paper presents a robust, energy efficient, and spectrum aware infrastructure to support the IoT system deployed for precision agriculture to reduce the power consumption to a level where they can be powered through harvested energy. We present system modeling-based approach to identify key optimizations which are then translated to a more feasible ultra-low power (ULP) IoT system realization. We present the measurement results of ULP infrastructure for the information receiver (Rx) comprising of ULP received signal strength detector (RSSI) and wake-up-radio (WuRx) which have been implemented in a 65-nm CMOS technology and have power consumption in few nano-watts. We present a lightweight energy-detection-based countermeasure against energy depletion attacks (EDA) in the IoT network. We also propose how the IoT sensor node can co-exist in the increasingly congested network of devices while also opportunistically gaining to strengthen its energy system to potentially achieve a self-powered and self-perpetual IoT system.