Microalgal farming for biofuel production: Extraction, conversion, and characterization

Over the past few decades, biofuels have gained particular attention. Fossil fuels are nonrenewable resources and their utilization leads to the outflow of greenhouse gases. A gradual surge in population and industrial development creates tremendous pressure to search for an alternative to traditional fossil fuels that must be eco-friendly, renewable, technologically suitable, and economically feasible. A recent research trend showed algae as a potential resource for biofuel production. With continuous advancements in modern technology, algae-based biofuel production should reach its destiny to become a sustainable energy source. Within this background, this review aims to provide in detail knowledge about the production as well as technical challenges for biofuel derived from algae.