Exploring the Action Mechanism and Validation of the Key Pathways of Dendrobium officinale Throat-clearing Formula for the Treatment of Chronic Pharyngitis Based on Network Pharmacology

Aim: This study investigated the molecular action mechanism of a compound herb, also known as the Dendrobium officinale throat-clearing formula (QYF), by using network pharmacology and animal experimental validation methods to treat chronic pharyngitis (CP). Methods: The active ingredients and disease targets of QYF were determined by searching the Batman-TCM and GeneCards databases. Subsequently, the drug-active ingredient-target and protein-protein interaction networks were constructed, and the core targets were obtained through network topology. The Metascape database was screened, and the core targets were enriched with Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Results: In total, 1403 and 241 potential targets for drugs and diseases, respectively, and 81 intersecting targets were yielded. The core targets included TNF, IL-6, and IL-1 beta, and the core pathways included PI3K-Akt. The QYF treatment group exhibited effectively improved general signs, enhanced anti-inflammatory ability in vitro, reduced serum and tissue expressions of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 beta inflammatory factors, and decreased blood LPS levels and Myd88, TLR4, PI3K, Akt, and NF-kappa B p65 protein expression in the tissues. Conclusion: QYF could inhibit LPS production, which regulated the expression of the TLR4/PI3K/Akt/NF-kappa B signaling pathway to suppress the expression of the related inflammatory factors (i.e., TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 beta), thereby alleviating the CP process.