Co-pyrolytic interactions and products of brominated epoxy resin and polyethylene terephthalate: TG-FTIR analysis and machine learning prediction

Pyrolysis is an effective approach for organic waste utilization, and the co-pyrolysis of multiple materials holds potential for both environmental and economic benefits. Brominated epoxy resin (BER) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are widely used organic materials in modern society, and the productions of their corresponding wastes are increasing annually. However, limited research has been conducted on the co-pyrolysis of BER and PET. In this study, mixtures of BER and PET were prepared in various proportions, and thermogravimetry (TG) and thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) analyses were employed to investigate the reaction characteristics, volatile product compositions, and evolution during co-pyrolysis. Synergistic effects were observed at lower temperatures in the major reaction stage for mixtures with PET content below 40%, while inhibitory effects were noted at higher temperatures. For mixtures with PET content over 40%, the antagonistic effect was more prominent. The main volatile products during co-pyrolysis were identified as CO2, benzoic acid, and alcohols, and their evolutions exhibited complex changes due to interactions. In addition, machine learning algorithms successfully predicted real-time volatile emissions, with the random forest model proving accurate. This study enhanced understanding of organics interactions during thermal treatment and would contribute to the reduction of environmental pollution.