Chromobacterium violaceum in a US Marine: A Case Report

Chromobacterium violaceum is associated with severe sepsis leading to cutaneous and visceral organ abscesses, with mortality rates up to 73%. Around 200 cases of C. violaceum infection have been reported globally. We report a case of a 27-year-old female U.S. Marine recruit who presented with fever, chills, myalgias, arthralgias, headache, and nodules on her extremities. Physical examination revealed multiple small skin abscesses on her extremities. Abdominal imaging with contrast revealed large liver abscesses requiring drainage. Both blood and wound cultures grew C. violaceum. The patient was successfully treated with meropenem and ciprofloxacin. At 3 months, symptoms had resolved, and labs and imaging were normal. Though rare, C. violaceum infection rates are increasing. Severe infection develops rapidly and invasive disease is not uncommon. Early detection and appropriate antibiotic treatment are key in preventing mortality.