Urinary exosomal tRNA-derived small RNA signatures as a predictive biomarker in lung cancer.

The use of noninvasive biomarkers may enhance the efficiency of early diagnosis for lung cancer and improve its survival rate. In this study, we investigated the possibility of utilising differential expression of NSCLC-related tsRNAs in urinary exosomes to diagnose lung cancer. Initially, the NSCLC-related tsRNAs were identified in both cancerous and normal tissue derived from the TCGA database. Subsequently, we utilized a machine learning model and ROC curves to identify the most significant tsRNAs for diagnosing NSCLC. Three tsRNAs were found to be significantly increased and were evaluated in both normal bronchial epithelium cell lines and lung cancer cell lines. Finally, we determined the presence of these three tsRNAs in urinary exosomes and demonstrated their potential as biomarkers for diagnosing NSCLC.