The use and role of digital technology in learning health systems: A scoping review

•Learning health systems (LHS) are rapidly and continuously learning systems.•Digital technology is key to supporting LHS, but it remains unclear if and how it is currently leveraged for this purpose.•This scoping review presents a comprehensive description of the types and roles of digital technology used or proposed for use in LHS.•Results show an overreliance on database and EHR technologies and a narrow focus on knowledge discovery to the detriment of practice change and impact evaluation.•We identify opportunities to use a broader set of digital technologies in LHS and improve their evaluation and reporting.