Tungiasis in the Sanum & aacute;s Amerindians in the Amazon Rainforest, Brazil: Prevalence, Intensity and Morbidity

Yago Ranniere Teixeira Santana, Lucas Felipe Carvalho Oliveira, Gabriela Mafra Lima,Renata Velozo Timbo, Eliane Mateus Pires,Amanda Ramos de Brito,Ana Carolina Tardin Martins, Vivyanne Santiago Magalhaes, Ana Carolina Mota de Faria, Ada Amalia Ayala Urdapilleta, Isabelle Roger,Rafael Rocha de Andrade, Luciana Pereira Freire Martins, Marcos Pellegrini,Fabiola Christian Almeida de Carvalho,David Dias Araujo,Daniel Holanda Barroso, Carina Nogueira Garcia,Hermann Feldmeier,Ciro Martins Gomes

TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE(2023)

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摘要
Background: Tungiasis is a disease associated with extreme poverty. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tungiasis in six different settlements of the Sanumas indigenous community in a remote area in the Auaris region, Yanomami territory, Brazil. Methods: We conducted an observational study to detect clinical and epidemiological factors associated with tungiasis using a cross-sectional strategy and multivariate logistic regression. Soil analysis was performed by visual and microscopic methods. Results: We examined 555 persons, 45 of whom had active tungiasis; 18 cases were classified as mild, 16 as moderate and 11 as severe. The disease was significantly more prevalent in children than in adults (odds ratio (OR) 15.77; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 5.34-67.91; p < 0.001). Soil infestation was significantly related to the occurrence of human tungiasis (OR = 12.29; 95% CI = 3.75-45.88). The sex and GPS location of the houses were not related to the occurrence of tungiasis. Conclusions: We conclude that tungiasis is an important problem in the Sanumas community, especially for children. We suggest that interruption of the off-host transmission cycle, together with regular treatment [human and animal interventions], must be prioritized to achieve control of tungiasis in indigenous populations.
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关键词
tungiasis, Amerindian people, One Health, neglected diseases
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