A systematic review of congestion control in internet of vehicles and vehicular ad hoc networks: Techniques, challenges, and open issues

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) integrates various technologies to enable real-time data exchange between vehicles, pedestrians, roadside units, unmanned aerial vehicles, road-added things, and so forth. IoV is an improved internet-enabled vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), which is similarly affected by data traffic aggravated by time-variant network density and the network's topological and informational changes. A high density of simultaneous vehicular communication leads to channel saturation and data congestion, which leads to rapid increases in data loss, packet latency, and lower service quality. Due to the importance of real-time data communications in high dynamic networks, we used the systematic literature review (SLR) approach to identify 54 articles up to May 2023 to discuss the ways to deal with data traffic congestion in VANETs and IoV networks as well as existing and upcoming issues in this area. The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) and vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) utilize various technologies to enable real-time vehicle-centric data exchange. They are affected by data traffic aggravated by time-variant network density and the network's topological and informational changes, leading to rapid increases in packet latency and data loss. We use a systematic literature review (SLR) approach to identify 54 articles up to May 2023 to discuss challenges dealing with data traffic congestion in VANETs/IoV networks and existing/upcoming issues.image